Keratoconus is a progressive eye condition where the normally round cornea thins and bulges outward into a cone-like shape. This irregular curvature distorts vision by preventing light from focusing properly on the retina.

Typically beginning in adolescence or early adulthood, keratoconus causes progressive near-sightedness, irregular astigmatism, and in some cases, significant vision impairment. Patients often report blurred vision, light sensitivity, glare, and frequent prescription changes.

Early stages can be managed with specialized contact lenses, while advanced cases may require corneal cross-linking (CXL) to strengthen the cornea and halt progression, or in severe cases, corneal transplantation.